The world’s first artificial virus is formed in late 2003 by the research group led by Craig Venter, who was also responsible for the first sequencing of the human genome. The virus was bakteriofagom Phi-X174 (eater of bacteria), genome that has 5000 pairs of nitrogenous bases, or nucleotides. In comparison, the human genome have approximately.
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The world’s first artificial virus is formed in late 2003 by the research group led by Craig Venter, who was also responsible for the first sequencing of the human genome. The virus was bakteriofagom Phi-X174 (eater of bacteria), genome that has 5000 pairs of nitrogenous bases, or nucleotides. In comparison, the human genome have approximately 3 billion pairs of nitrogenous bases.
polio virus, with 7 500 pairs of nitrogenous bases, also is from the beginning. Synthesizing the virus Phi-X174 was a quick task-with modern technology, it only took two weeks. Synthesizing other virii took months.
the process starts with the synthesis of oligonucleotides that are small lengths of nucleotide (DNA or RNA) from approximately twenty or fewer pairs of nitrogenous bases each. Because biologists have already synthesized oligonucleotides for many years, DNA synthesis mechanisms exist that are capable of producing them automatically. Designing oligonucleotides for virus Phi-X174 only took about eight hours, accompanied by a four-day process of synthesis.
The next step is cleaning of oligonucleotides by electrophoresis in gel. Peeled oligos then marked with special chemicals and assembled in sequence, one after the other, in a process called PCA (polymerase, recurring cyclically Assembly). After 35-70 cycles is produced through a full chromosome made from artificial oligos. Using PCR (polymerase chain reaction), then created many copies of the original chromosomes, the best of which are selected using another cleaning cycle gel. These nucleotide chain then sent circulars from their linear chromosomal forms, becoming contagious.
Infectious chromosomes then replanted to agar plate containing the bacteria for consumption. During the day, control the remnants of viral activity and replication can already be found, indicating that the synthesis was a success.
synthesis of artificial viruses was discussed for applications such as pollution reduction and advanced filtering. Specialized microbes can be created to consume almost anything. On the other hand, there is always a risk that a malicious party would use this technology to create virus designed for high toxicity or mortality against human hosts.
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